Yongyou Hall of the Yonghe Temple: Witness of History and Transformation
The Yonghe Temple, this ancient complex, bears witness to the historical transitions of the Qing Dynasty. Among its halls, Yongyou Hall carries a unique story of royal sentiment and religious transformation.
Reference: Yonghe Temple: A Cultural Gem of Buddhism in Beijing
Let's travel back to 1735, the 13th year of Yongzheng's reign, when the fifth emperor of the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Yongzheng Aisin Gioro Yinzhen, ended his reign at the Old Summer Palace at the age of 58. His life was filled with magnificent ups and downs, leaving a profound political and cultural imprint.
Traditionally, after a emperor's death, their remains would undergo initial funeral rites at the Qianqing Palace, followed by a transfer to the Shouhuang Hall or Guande Hall on Jingshan Hill until the funeral. However, Emperor Yongzheng had a special connection to the Yongqin Wangfu, where he resided for thirty years as a prince. Even after ascending the throne, it remained his beloved imperial palace.
His son, Emperor Qianlong, understood his father's affection deeply. As a gesture of respect and remembrance, he decided to deviate from the norm, returning his father's remains to the Yonghe Temple, where they were laid to rest in the former palace's bedroom. This exceptional tribute underscored Qianlong's filial piety and respect for tradition.
Later, this bedroom was renamed "Yongyou Hall," symbolizing eternal blessing. Emperor Qianlong hoped that his father's spirit would forever protect the Qing Dynasty and future generations. To align with the specifications of the Forbidden City, he ordered the replacement of all green roof tiles on the central path of the Yonghe Temple with striking yellow ones in just half a month, enhancing its royal aura.
As time progressed, in the 9th year of Qianlong's reign (1744), a momentous decision was made — to transform the palace into a temple. Emperor Qianlong envisioned a broader role for the Yonghe Temple beyond being a royal residence. Consequently, Yongyou Hall underwent a metamorphosis, evolving from a bedroom to a Buddhist hall.
Today, stepping into Yongyou Hall, one can sense a solemn and sacred atmosphere. At the center of the hall stands the statue of Amitayus Buddha, silently guarding this ancient ground. To its west stands the Merciful Buddha, exuding a kind and compassionate demeanor, as if listening to the prayers of the world. To the east stands the Lion-Roaring Buddha, emanating authority and strength.
Furthermore, Yongyou Hall is adorned with precious Buddhist artworks. The embroidered image of Green Tara on the west wall showcases exquisite craftsmanship and vibrant colors, reflecting the unique charm of Tibetan art. On the east wall hangs a delicate Tangka painting of White Tara, executed with meticulous detail, embodying devoutness and reverence for Buddhism.
Yongyou Hall, this historic building, bears witness to the emotions and beliefs of the Qing emperors. It also carries people's devoutness and reverence for Buddhism. Today, it still stands proudly within the Yonghe Temple, narrating tales of the past and welcoming pilgrims of the future.
Q&A:
Q1: Why was Yongyou Hall given its name?
A1: Yongyou Hall was named to signify "eternal blessing." Emperor Qianlong hoped that his father's spirit, Emperor Yongzheng, would forever protect the Qing Dynasty and future generations. The name reflects this wish for perpetual protection and blessing.
Q2: What changes did Emperor Qianlong make to the Yonghe Temple?
A2: Emperor Qianlong made significant changes to the Yonghe Temple. Most notably, he ordered the replacement of all green roof tiles on the central path with yellow ones to match the specifications of the Forbidden City, enhancing its royal aura. Additionally, he made the decision to transform the palace into a temple, thereby giving the Yonghe Temple a broader role beyond being a mere royal residence. As a result, Yongyou Hall, which was originally a bedroom, was converted into a Buddhist hall.