How Many Terracotta Army Pits Are There?
The Terracotta Army is one of the most iconic archaeological discoveries of all time. This vast collection of life-sized terracotta sculptures depicts the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China. The figures were buried with the emperor in 210–209 BCE, intended to protect him in the afterlife.
The Discovery of the Terracotta Army
The Terracotta Army was discovered by accident in 1974 by farmers digging a well near the city of Xi'an, China. The discovery quickly drew the attention of archaeologists worldwide, and excavations began immediately.
The Four Pits
To date, four pits have been partially excavated near the burial mound of the emperor.
Pit 1
This is the largest and most impressive of the pits, containing over 6,000 terracotta figures. These figures are primarily infantrymen, arranged in battle formation. The soldiers are armed with a variety of weapons, including swords, spears, and crossbows.
Pit 2
This pit contains a mixed force of chariots, cavalry, and infantry, indicating the complexity and might of the Qin army. There are estimated to be over 1,400 figures in this pit, along with numerous bronze weapons.
Pit 3
The smallest of the three, Pit 3 is believed to represent a command post, housing high-ranking officers and their chariots. The presence of these figures suggests a highly organized and strategic military structure.
Pit 4
This pit remains empty, suggesting that the construction of the Terracotta Army was not finished at the time of the emperor's death. This unfinished state provides a glimpse into the massive scale of the project and the vast resources that were being dedicated to it.
Estimated Number of Figures
Archaeologists estimate that the four pits may contain as many as 8,000 figures in total, along with horses, chariots, and weapons. However, the exact number may never be known, as excavation work is ongoing and the pits are vast.
FAQs about the Terracotta Army Pits
Q: Are all the pits open to the public?
A: No, only Pits 1, 2, and 3 are currently open to the public. Pit 4 remains unexcavated.
Q: Why was the Terracotta Army built?
A: The Terracotta Army was built to accompany the first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, into the afterlife. The figures were intended to serve as his guardians and protect him from harm.
Q: Why is the Terracotta Army so significant?
A: The Terracotta Army is considered one of the most important archaeological discoveries of the 20th century. It provides valuable insights into the military practices, artistry, and culture of ancient China during the Qin dynasty. The sheer scale and detail of the figures continue to amaze and inspire awe in visitors from around the world.