What Is the Terracotta Army?
The Terracotta Army is a collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China. It is a form of funerary art buried with the emperor in 210–209 BCE with the purpose of protecting him in his afterlife.
History
Construction of the mausoleum began in 246 BCE soon after Emperor Qin (then aged 13) ascended to the throne, and the project eventually involved 700,000 workers. The burial site is located in Lintong District, Xi'an, Shaanxi province, about 35 km (22 mi) northeast of Xi'an. The Terracotta Army was discovered on March 29, 1974, by local farmers drilling a water well approximately 1.5 kilometers (0.93 mi) east of the emperor's tomb mound at Mount Li (Lishan), a region riddled with underground springs and watercourses. Since then, the site has been extensively excavated and has become a popular tourist destination.
The Figures
The figures are life-sized and highly realistic, with each one having unique facial features. They are arranged in battle formations, with infantry, cavalry, and chariots. The majority of the army consists of over 8,000 soldiers. In addition to the warriors, there are also terracotta horses, chariots, and weapons. The figures were originally painted in bright colors, but most of the paint has faded over time.
Purpose
The Terracotta Army was created to protect Emperor Qin Shi Huang in the afterlife. The ancient Chinese believed that objects buried with a person could be used by them after death. The emperor's tomb was designed to be a microcosm of his empire, complete with palaces, gardens, and an army.
Significance
The Terracotta Army is one of the most significant archaeological discoveries of the 20th century. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a testament to the power and wealth of the Qin dynasty. The figures provide valuable insights into the military technology, art, and culture of ancient China.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: How many Terracotta Warriors are there?
A: It is estimated that there are over 8,000 soldiers, 130 chariots with 520 horses, and 150 cavalry horses in three pits that make up the army.
Q: Why was the Terracotta Army built?
A: The Terracotta Army was built to protect Emperor Qin Shi Huang in the afterlife, as the ancient Chinese believed that objects buried with a person could be used by them after death.
Q: How long did it take to make the Terracotta Army?
A: It is thought that construction began shortly after Emperor Qin ascended to the throne and took approximately 28 years to complete.